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Richard Stang
Richard Stang (July 3, 1925 – December 14, 2011) was an American literary critic, author, scholar, and professor whose groundbreaking insights on the nineteenth-century English novel have shaped the attitudes of subsequent writers and critics for more than five decades.〔Wayne Booth's landmark ''The Rhetoric of Fiction'' came out only two years after Stang's ''Theory of the Novel in England 1850-1870'' but was clearly influenced by it. Stang’s consideration of narrative structure and the technical problems of the form anticipates Booth’s extended treatment of narrative in a number of ways. Booth singles out for praise Stang’s treatments of realism and narrative. More than 50 years later, in the first decade of the 21st century, Stang's insights on mid-Victorian realism are still being cited as springboards for discussions, for example, in the current Wikipedia article on George Eliot's Adam Bede and in an on-line study by French critic Nathalie Vanfasse of the University of Provence, "Dickens' Novels and Mid-Victorian Realism." (See External Links.)〕 He was the first critic to recognize and document the sophistication of contemporary mid-Victorian criticism of the novel, and to show that it in effect amounted to a holistic aesthetics of fiction for the English novel in the mid-century.
Published simultaneously in New York and London in 1959, Stang’s ''Theory of the Novel in England 1850-1870,'' was hailed by Wayne Booth in ''The Rhetoric of Fiction'' as "A systematic, impressive study uncovering 'modern' doctrines about fiction in forgotten publications before James."〔''The Rhetoric of Fiction'' (Chicago, 1961), p. 404. Other Booth salutes to Stang and ''The Theory of the Novel in England'' appear on pages 23 and 40.〕 Stang's subsequent books on George Eliot and Ford Madox Ford, along with key articles and essays, further extended his cogent questioning and correcting of widely held critical assumptions about the art of fiction. As a professor of Victorian studies and 19th century literature at Washington University in St. Louis, where he taught for more than 35 years, Stang was an integral member of a vital literary community that included novelists Stanley Elkin and William Gass, poets Howard Nemerov, Mona Van Duyn, Donald Finkel, and John Morris, and editor and publisher of ''Perspective'' Jarvis Thurston.
== Early years and education ==
Stang was born and grew up in Brooklyn, New York. His parents were Benjamin Stang and Shirley Ducker Stang; his only sibling, his sister Judith, was five years younger. (Stang’s first cousin, the respected character actor Arnold Stang, was also born in Brooklyn, in 1918.) Starting at age 18, Stang served as a rifleman in the 104th Infantry of the U.S. Army during World War II (1943–45) and saw action in Germany. By 1948 he had earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry and biology from Columbia College in New York, then completed a master’s degree in romantic literature at Columbia University in 1949. In 1958 he was awarded the Ph.D. in Victorian literature from Columbia University, having studied there under eminent critics Lionel Trilling and Jerome Buckley.〔This information was provided by family sources and much of it is verified in obituaries published by Washington University in St. Louis and by the ''St. Louis Post-Dispatch.'' (See External Links.)〕
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